Tuberculosis (T.B.)symptoms and treatment
According to medical science T.B. (Tuberculosis) / Tuberculosis is not an incurable disease, but due to non-regular use of medicines by the patient, this merge has now led to Multi drug resident worldwide including India. And XDR Tuberculosis As a new serious health problem has arisen.
Around the world, one person gets infected with this merge every second. However, this disease can be controlled.
Tuberculosis symptoms and treatment
Tuberculosis to get rid of- The main reason for this is a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This bacterium can survive for weeks to months in a dormant state in people’s body.
Whenever a patient has lung Tuberculosis If you are suffering from disease, these bacteria start spreading in the air especially during sneezing and through the breath of the person in front, they go inside the lungs.
Sometimes these bacteria remain dormant in the lungs or other parts of the body. Whenever the immunity of the body is low, then it is the Tuberculosis in that person. Can cause.
Types of Tuberculosis-
Tuberculosis bacteria affect the lungs in most patients, due to which disease of the lungs tuberculosis occurs.
In 20 to 25 percent of people, these bacteria can affect any part of the body, especially the intestine and bone.
In this context, it is important to note that most infections of Tuberculosis are caused by Tuberculosis of lungs of other patients only.
Symptoms of Tuberculosis of lungs
- Cough for more than two weeks.
- Mucus or bleeding in cough.
- Fever for a long time.
- Chest pain.
- Weight loss.
Treatment after medical checkup-
In most patients, the doctor assesses the disease by examining the patient and knowing their symptoms, but to detect the disease, mainly lung X-ray, test of mucus, ultrasound of the abdomen and throat are examined. is.
In general- tuberculosis disease is cured in 6 to 9 months if using drugs. The patient is advised to use medicines regularly.
Dropping the drugs before the prescribed period makes the drugs ineffective and the bacteria increase their immunity to these drugs. Continue the medicine until the doctor examines it and allows it to be stopped.
Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) Tuberculosis-
When the resistance of drugs (Resistant) is produced in Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium, it is not affected by first class drugs, which tuberculosis. Is a severe form of disease. This is called Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) Tuberculosis.
To treat this tuberculosis- the doctor has to use second-level drugs (second line drugs), which are very harmful and have to be consumed for a long time for about 24 months. Even after this, the mortality in these patients is high.
Significantly- M.D.R. A new investigation of tuberculosis has started, which is called expert tuberculosis stroke. This test can determine whether a person has tuberculosis or not and whether the main drug the patient is taking is effective or not.
Extensively drug resistant (Tuberculosis)- If multi-drug resistant tuberculosis drugs are also used randomly, the bacterium of Tuberculosis becomes more potent and also creates immunity against these drugs.In such a situation, the disease is XDR(Extensively drug resistant) is called Tuberculosis.
Spinal Tuberculosis
When a doctor told one of her patients that she was suffering from Spinal Tuberculosis, despite being a spine surgeon, she was completely shocked.
He said, “Doctor sir, are you kidding me?” Tuberculosis is a lung disease. In fact, most people even today consider Tuberculosis as a disease related to the lungs.
This means that people are less aware of having spinal tuberculosis.
What are the symptoms of Spinal Tuberculosis –
- Severe back pain for several weeks.
- fever
- Night sweats.
- loss of appetite
- Weight Loss
- Severe pain and stiffness in hands and feet.
- Trouble getting up and down.
How is the check- CT scan, MRI, ESR and tuberculin skin test are done to check for spinal tuberculosis. Bacteria called mico bacterium can cause a problem called kyphotic deformity (contraction of spinal bones), as happened with Divya Sharma.
Remember, spinal tuberculosis can also occur without lung tuberculosis.
Through blood circulation, the bacterium of tuberculosis infects the vertebral or inter vertebral disc.This bacterium thrives in the body due to weak immunity and mixes in the blood stream.
It can then affect many parts of the body (also the bones of the spine). This tuberculosis compresses the spinal cord. Due to this many problems related to the nervous system (neuro problems) arise.
Treatment of Spinal Tuberculosis-
spinal tuberculosis disease is treated with antitubercular chemotherapy. The facility of this therapy is available in most government hospitals and dispensaries.
This therapy is available free of charge under the National Tuberculosis Control Program.Since the spinal cord in this disease is strangulated due to contusions and pus, the help of a brace (a kind of belt) is taken to protect it from deformity so that the spinal cord is supported.
Modern therapy of Spinal Tuberculosis-
These days spinal tuberculosis is treated with new six drugs ATT therapy. This therapy helps in controlling the disease in a short time and eliminates the possibility of MDR Tuberculosis.
Necessity of operation in Spinal Tuberculosis–
If there is too much pus in the inner part of the spinal cord, which is pressing the nerves, then in such a situation the risk of paralysis is increased to the sufferer, in this condition, the operation is removed. is.
These days 3D and computerized navigation techniques are being used to overcome the problem of developmental vertibra damaged by tuberculosis. Through this technique, the developed vertebra is replaced by artificial (artificial) vertebra.
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